You could also just detect the presence of free oxygen, a chemical so reactive that it is very implausible that a non-living world would have a lot of it. No oxygen doesn't prove no life, but lots of oxygen means life is pretty likely.

The chlorophyll in green vegetation reflects shit loads of near infra-red radiation but hardly any red so surfaces with a high infra-red to red reflectance ratio are likely to contain green vegetation. its called NDVI (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_Difference_Vegetatio...) and its a very common way of detecting vegetation on earth from space. Don't know how well it'd work when you're just looking at a tiny planet billions of miles away tho...

I believe terrestrial albedo is used to do vegetation detection on earth.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albedo