http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinky_Dinks
Seems like you would be able to get pretty small feature sizes if you had a really high resolution printer to begin with...
If the ability to form troughs/ridges is the important thing then I think that the PCB etch/make mold technique would be just as useful. But I'm not sure what the smallest feature size is that you can make with this method:
PCB etch/make mold method:
Laser-print an inverse pattern mask on clear plastic film
Expose a UV sensitive photoresist PCB using the mask
Etch the PCB
Make a polymer mold (or mold the final part) using the troughs/ridges formed by the etched/unetched copper on the PCB
I know this method has been used for replicating fingerprint patterns in the past (Mythbusters!) and I remember hearing it being used for a few other things...