Having read Marcus Aurelius extensively, he doesn't seem to expect a personal afterlife at all but rather as a dissolution back into one's constituent parts--material and spiritual--from which new life could arise. He writes repeatedly about the futility of worrying about one's place in history, because of the inevitability not only of one's own death but of the deaths of everyone who could have possibly cared about or remembered one's accomplishments anyway. It's definitely worth a read; the Hays translation in particular is extremely approachable.