Great books certainly get translated in every direction. But for merely good books, I wouldn't be surprised if readers outside the US consumed more books translated from English than readers in the US consume books translated from other languages.
I don't think so for the simple reason that academic books in English usually aren't translated because people in countries outside of the US can read English. Even academic books that do not have any native English speaking authors are usually written in English. Books are more likely to be translated to English than from English, because translating to English multiplies the size of the audience many times, whereas the other way around does not.
Considering that the average reader reads more in Europe than in the US and that there is a very dynamic domestic industry in many of these countries, I would say the opposite.
And I didn't even take India and China into account...
source: http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/nop-world-culture-sc...
Yeah, no. Usually good books get translated, period.
From Homer and the Bible to Pascal, Leibiz, Dostoyevsky, Godel and Einstein, good books fly the other way around all the time.