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Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by jokoon on Thursday January 15, 2015 @04:08AM (#8891566)
I think the problem is that our civilization is built in the idea of comfort and economic specialization.

I don't think our bodies are prepared to that sort of pattern where you stay inactive for 5 hours, while your brain is still very active, and stop to run non stop for 1 hour.

So we either sit thinking about civilized work, or do short but very intense physical activity to compensate the accumulation of stress. I don't think our far ancestors' metabolism really saw that. So of course people are going to get sick. Nobody on earth has genes suited to work in an office. We're still wired to constantly move, searching for food.

Worst thing, I'm almost sure that this accumulation of stress can slow down productivity. Maybe forcing people to work in 2 or 3 hour sessions, and ask them to go walk for 15min, might have some positive effects. I'd love to try walking on a treadmill writing code. I already tried standing in front of a computer, but my ankles started swelling after 2 hours.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by stdbrouw on Thursday January 15, 2015 @05:05AM (#8891714)
> I don't think our bodies are prepared to that sort of pattern where you stay inactive for 5 hours, while your brain is still very active, and stop to run non stop for 1 hour.

Isn't that pretty similar to the lifestyle of a hunter? Short periods of very intense activity separated by long periods of inactivity?

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by kaybe on Thursday January 15, 2015 @06:01AM (#8891870)
A common method seems to have been to just run after the animals slowly, so they can't rest but don't run yet, until they die from exhaustion. Our heat dissipation system is better than most animals, so it works better when it's hot. It's possible to do it alone, and hunt big animals with only a knife to kill them in the end, if you know what you're doing. However, it means you have to move for a long time.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by adwn on Thursday January 15, 2015 @07:25AM (#8892146)
This is called "persistence hunting" [1], and is still pursued by some hunter-gatherer cultures today.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistence_hunting

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by matthewmacleod on Thursday January 15, 2015 @05:39AM (#8891808)
That's a pretty good observation – I expect you're right, and it would probably play out like that in practice! Not sure of the background research though. Certainly there are likely to be complicating factors (e.g. the damage caused by sitting, specifically.)
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by jokoon on Thursday January 15, 2015 @06:50AM (#8892017)
I don't think a hunter really sits around, not using his muscles. Hunters are not inactive like people working in an office. Hunters roam. So they still do physical exercise and do spend more energy.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by rndn on Thursday January 15, 2015 @06:05AM (#8891886)
Here are the recommendations from the Wikipedia page on Paleolithic lifestyle [1]:

    - Adopt a Paleolithic diet as much as possible: plenty of fruit,
      fish, vegetables, nuts, and meat while avoiding most forms of
      food not in existence in paleolithic time. It implies avoiding
      all processed food, and in particular junk food and food with a
      high glycemic load, such as sweets and cultivated crops like
      potatoes and cereal grains (in particular wheat).
    - Exercise frequently, but with a variety of durations and
      intensities (including rest periods) rather than doing always
      the same, extended routines in a gym or while jogging.
    - Perform a variety of complex "natural movements" (e.g. walking,
      running, jumping, crawling, climbing, carrying, throwing,
      swimming) that use the whole body rather than artificially
      constrained exercises that focus on specific muscles (like those
      afforded by most gym equipment).
    - Maximize contact with nature, e.g. by keeping plants, gardening,
      working with animals, hiking in the woods, or climbing trees (as
      also proposed by the biophilia philosophy).
    - Use a minimum of clothes and don't wear shoes: exposure to heat,
      cold, pressure, and other natural forces strengthens rather than
      weakens the body.
    - Expose yourself regularly to the sun or at least to natural
      light, to get sufficient vitamin D and prevent depression.
    - Try to sleep at least 8 hours a day, preferably in line with
      natural day-night rhythms (though people in pre-industrial
      societies do not sleep in contiguous blocks - see anthropology
      of sleep and segmented sleep).
    - Spend sufficient time relaxing, playing, and just "being in the
      present", without worrying about later.
    - Reduce overall levels of stress; avoid overworking in favor of
      downshifting and simple living.
    - Allow contact with dirt: soil contains plenty of beneficial
      bacteria that strengthen immunity. Eat fermented foods like
      sauerkraut, kim chi, kombucha, etc. Lifelong exposure to a
      variety of microbes may actually be necessary to prevent
      allergies and autoimmune diseases, as proposed by the hygiene
      hypothesis.
    - Rear children the way hunter-gatherers do: extended
      breast-feeding, carrying of babies on the body, co-sleeping,
      while allowing older children to play and explore
      autonomously.
    - Sit with legs level with rear end (essentially, in the squatting
      position), as people in indigenous tribes do.
    - Socialize and interact closely with a small group of real
      friends, instead of staying alone or "networking" with thousands
      of superficial acquaintances.
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic_lifestyle
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by kybernetyk on Thursday January 15, 2015 @08:39AM (#8892398)

    - Die with 22 years from measles.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by rndn on Thursday January 15, 2015 @11:33AM (#8893430)
What?! I didn't mean to imply that everything on this list is necessarily relevant to modern lifestyle. It also says nothing about vaccination. The parent comment asked for how human lifestyle looked like in prehistoric ages, that's why I posted it. It also mentiones that our ancestors presumably performed a variety of different movements each day (climbing, throwing etc.) which I think is relevant. Maybe I should have removed the word "recommendations" to not step into prejudiced territory.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by stinos on Thursday January 15, 2015 @06:39AM (#8891976)
Nice. First time I hear about this but it certainly contains lots of things which make a lot of sense to me or which I do already myself and/or are backed up by reserach. Except the part of the squatting position :P

Not everybody accepts this though. Especially about point 2 and 3 I've had discussions, almost religious fights sometimes. People sometimes get offended when I question if just going to the gym and train a couple of standard groups or just jogging are sufficient exercises. They might be, just from the point of 'getting enough exercise', but I somehow believe it is better for your body in general to have way more types of movement trained, like the third point says. Not sure if this is backed up by research but it just seems logical to me? Another impression I have: the body of a person doing all kinds of sports always looks way more natural and healthy to me than persons doing only one or two sports where not all muscle groups are trained.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by rndn on Thursday January 15, 2015 @07:14AM (#8892113)
I agree with everything you say. Unless it is particularily beneficial to do special exercises to counteract deficiencies of our modern life style, it should be sufficient to roughly simulate the movements our ancestors did.

I'm wondering whether our ancestors did stretching exercises. I could imagine that the occasional yawn/stretch and a variety of different movements is sufficient to avoid contracture.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by stinos on Thursday January 15, 2015 @07:54AM (#8892249)
I do think ancestors did stretch: nobody ever learnt me to stretch yet I've been doing it when waking up before getting out of bed since I can remember and I'm definitely not the only one, on the contrary. Some other animals do so as well. I know these are mere observations and no hard evidence, but I would be surprised to learn I'm wrong on this point. Whether they did actual stretching exercises is another thing though. I would guess they did if they were able to figure out by experience stretching had positive effects. Also sort of depends what you mean with ancestors, i.e. how many centuries ago.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by rndn on Thursday January 15, 2015 @08:32AM (#8892369)
I mean paleolithic hunters and gatherers. Which animals do streching apart from the occasional, visceral stretching I mentioned?
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by stinos on Thursday January 15, 2015 @09:31AM (#8892609)
None that I know of, I also meant visceral stretching..
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by rndn on Thursday January 15, 2015 @10:23AM (#8892901)
Oh, I see. But that lasts usually only maybe 2-5 seconds, not 15-60.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by learnstats2 on Thursday January 15, 2015 @06:05AM (#8891883)
>I don't think our bodies are prepared to that sort of pattern where you stay inactive for 5 hours, while your brain is still very active, and stop to run non stop for 1 hour.

I disagree strongly with this part of what you're saying.

This seems exactly what human civilisation has traditionally done: conserve physical energy until it's the right time to hunt, do some very intensive hunting, spend a lot of mental energy figuring out better tools and systems.

The article measures activity as: cycling, running, swimming, etc. That's intensive activity. Missing that out had a higher risk of death.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by lloeki on Thursday January 15, 2015 @06:27AM (#8891939)
Possibly, but this pattern has been shifted at such a dramatical rate since the last 10k years and the advent of agriculture that evolution and genetic selection may not had time to catch up. It's even possible that some forms of applied science (via medical care) is introducing a bias against natural selection by relieving some pressure bu it's possibly too short a timespan to judge that, although evolution sometimes can operate at very short timescales. (Short term I'm OK with that but lacking data I can't decide if long term this is good for us humans... Well we'll end up merging with our metal overlords anyway!).
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by jokoon on Thursday January 15, 2015 @06:57AM (#8892040)
> This seems exactly what human civilisation has traditionally done: conserve physical energy until it's the right time to hunt, do some very intensive hunting, spend a lot of mental energy figuring out better tools and systems.

Civilization is pretty young when you compare it to the evolution of humans. I think you're also missing out the difference of energy spent when comparing hunting versus agriculture. Even when you're not hunting, there is still a lot of physical activity around it. Not to mention automation.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by Matumio on Thursday January 15, 2015 @04:42AM (#8891657)
I think the problem is that our civilization is built in the idea of comfort and economic specialization.

Agree. But in order to change that, we have to change our value system.

Worst thing, I'm almost sure that this accumulation of stress can slow down productivity.

That's the worst thing? As you can see, productivity is still our highest value. Health and well-being are not worthy goals on their own, but they are pursued to get more productive.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by jokoon on Thursday January 15, 2015 @04:46AM (#8891665)
> If that's the worst thing, then productivity is still our highest value, and health comes second.

But wouldn't better mental health increase productivity ? I mean a healthy horse might be more productive. Of course at some point, maybe better health doesn't increase productivity so much. But I tend to think that cerebral workers would work much better if they have less stress or better mental health.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by collyw on Thursday January 15, 2015 @10:36AM (#8893000)
Do we really need to increase productivity?
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by brational on Thursday January 15, 2015 @09:59AM (#8892748)
> Maybe forcing people to work in 2 or 3 hour sessions, and ask them to go walk for 15min, might have some positive effects.

It's kind of funny that you put it this way because that is exactly what people do at my job and it is encouraged. A walking break every hour or two is accepted, managers do it, we were even encouraged to install something on our computers that would remind us every X minutes.

And I work for a giant corporate entity which you would think would never encourage this.

That said, when you're working on a hard problem its very easy to lose track of time. I kick myself on the days where my only walking break is at lunch.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by rndn on Thursday January 15, 2015 @05:54AM (#8891847)
> but My ankles Startes swelling after two hours

Try it with an anti-fatigue mat, they do wonders. I think, it takes about eight weeks to get used to the new position. Definitely talk to a doctor regarding the swelling first though.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by GigabyteCoin on Thursday January 15, 2015 @04:53AM (#8891688)
>I don't think our bodies are prepared

That may be true, but they will be soon enough thanks to evolution.

I am not advocating inactivity, in fact I enjoy walking every day very much.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by magmadiver on Thursday January 15, 2015 @05:22AM (#8891769)
>soon

...

>evolution

So, a few million years?

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by philh on Thursday January 15, 2015 @05:44AM (#8891818)
Evolution isn't that slow. Homo sapiens is only about 250,000 years old.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by Retra on Thursday January 15, 2015 @09:43AM (#8892664)
'Homo sapiens' is a very rough category. If you would call a 250,000 year-old animal a homo sapiens, you'd probably call its grandparents one too. Time-frames used this way are only really applicable to talking about some static history, not active evolutionary processes.

Humans will still be Homo Sapiens in 1 million years as long as we still call them that. In other words, "how old" homo sapiens is is a rather arbitrary matter of convention, so it doesn't make a good argument.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by philh on Thursday January 15, 2015 @10:04AM (#8892779)
> If you would call a 250,000 year-old animal a homo sapiens, you'd probably call its grandparents one too.

Sure, and conditional on that I'd probably call their grandparents H. sapiens too, and conditional on that, probably also their grandparents. But it doesn't take that many generations before all these "probably"s multiply out to a "probably not".

I don't think the distinction between homo sapiens and not-homo sapiens is so fuzzy that we can't distinguish between evolution working on 250,000 and 1,000,000 year timescales.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by Retra on Thursday January 15, 2015 @12:19PM (#8893780)
My point is that we distinguish species based upon their features, not timescale. So you cannot use this timescale-based differentiation to make a good argument to counter a feature-based differentiation.

How many generations would it take for some evolved feature to become part of homo sapiens has nothing to do with how many features are needed to not be homo sapiens anymore. Other than the fact that they both take time and are statements about evolution, there is no relation between the two.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by philh on Thursday January 15, 2015 @12:41PM (#8893987)
> you cannot use this timescale-based differentiation to make a good argument to counter a feature-based differentiation.

I don't know what you mean by this. I don't know what feature-based differentiation I'm supposedly countering, and I don't know what it would mean to counter it.

What argument do you think I'm trying to make, exactly? Because all I'm saying is, "evolution makes significant changes on timescales significantly less than millions of years".

This thread isn't actually particularly interesting to me, so I may tap out now.

Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by Retra on Thursday January 15, 2015 @01:16PM (#8894245)
That's ok, I am not particularly invested in it either. You have a good point, I just think you didn't express it as solidly as you could have.
Re:Inactivity 'kills more than obesity' by magmadiver on Thursday January 15, 2015 @05:54AM (#8891846)
I exaggerated for comical effect.