"Build systems", like the GNU one (autoconf/automake/libtool/etc), cmake, or others, theoretically "solve" the need of your project build in a newer/different platforms. However, in practice, in a newer OS "version" or newer platform, you have to "fix" things, again.

In my opinion, when possible, it is better to stuck to standards, and use just a Makefile for POSIX targets (it allows context detection) and a custom scripts or Makefiles for exotic platforms.

In the end, the reason for e.g. Autoconf, is the mess of different non-standard crazy stuff. Why not to agree a build standard base, at least for the C language and library handling?