Looking at valuations or even market caps is much less useful, because that tells you more about what's going on in investors' minds than in reality.
I did mention NSF, etc.: There, Ike wanted pictures. The U-2 was not getting it done. So, one day Lockheed's Kelly Johnson walked in with a pile of papers and proposed a new plane, fly at 80,000+ feet, at Mach 3+, for 2000+ miles without refueling, and essentially impossible to shoot down. The project was approved; the plane flew as planned; and we got the pictures.
So, Kelly had a very ambitious start-up, and delivered as planned, with the project approved from work essentially just on paper.
Such work can be done. Other cases include the F-117, GPS, passive sonar, Keyhole (essentially a Hubble but before Hubble and aimed at earth instead of space).
It really is possible to do accurate evaluations of ambitious projects just on paper and, then, go forward with a quite high batting average. And this fact does partly respond to your point.
Well, NSF, NIH, DARPA, CIA, DoE, etc. can work this way, but Silicon Valley just flatly refuses to. Instead, they want another SnapChat with traction and f'get about anything more, and that means that they can't do the really valuable projects. And that's why, on average, they don't make the big bucks.
http://www.avc.com/a_vc/2013/02/venture-capital-returns.html...
at least on average, there is some serious question if Silicon Valley "works" at all well.
For
> One of the biggest misconceptions about us is that you need to have pre-existing connections to get value from the network. Remarkably, you don’t.
Well, as I recall, Sam, from one of your lectures in your current course at Stanford, both Marc Andreesseen and Ron Conway made it quite clear that they no longer take proposals from "over the transom" and, instead, learn about new investments only from their "network". Sounds quite closed and not very "open" and, instead, like an echo chamber from the past with not a very good view of the future.
Or, NSF, NIH, and DARPA will take proposals from strangers, but not Sand Hill Road.