But, invalidating this patent on 101 grounds versus 103 grounds is not the same. Subject matter eligibility is something that can be ruled on in a motion to dismiss, In re Bilski, 545 F.3d 943, 951 (Fed. Cir. 2008), while obviousness will generally need to wait after claim construction. It should be possible to knock out patents that claim a fundamental practice in any field as early as possible.

You can make other distinctions between "a fundamental practice" and "prior art," too. In the field of cooking, do we have to point out prior art for making a roux, or do we just accept that someone, perhaps many someones independently, did it sometime long ago, but it's so established now that it might as well be a fundamental law of the field?

Over time, the Supreme Court has been beefing up 101 as a bar to patent eligibility. Is the interpretation in CLS v. Alice the one that's most faithful to the text of the statute? Probably not. But interpretation in the name of controlling the flow of litigation in lower federal courts is one of the key roles of the Supreme Court.

Is this approach ever tried in these cases? It seems to me that the more convoluted and abstract the patent (which seems to be the point of many of these patents explicitly written to try and reach as broad as possible), the more juries will tend to identify with the expert saying "I can't make heads or tails of this thing" and invalidate bad patents as simply failing to adequately teach the construction of the infringement claim.

101 does not (and much more does not only) require that something relate to "an articles of manufacture" to be patent-eligible, it requires it to be an invention of a "new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof"

It is quite arguable that, assuming cars exist, a "red car" is, to the extent that it is new not useful, and to the extent that it is useful not new, and therefore patent ineligible.

So, no, while I agree that your analogy may be relevant, I don't think it illustrates that the Supreme Court is confusing patent eligibility with patentability. I think you are reading patent eligibility far too broadly.

> 102 is novelty

Its true that 102 has specific novelty requirements on top of the patent-eligibility requirements in 101, but that doesn't mean that things don't need to be "new and useful" under Section 101 before one even needs to consider whether they meet the specific novelty rules in Section 102.

Edit: however, my original point regarding the opinion was, the SC did not just say this fails 101 because it's not new, but they went on to say that "long prevalent" practices (i.e. prior art) can make something "abstract". This, to me, simply makes no sense.

In what I've seen of the Supreme Court jurisprudence on patent-eligibility, "abstract idea" seems to have (based on the way it is used, not any explicit statement) evolved into a sort of a term of art for things that fail both the "new and useful" and "process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter" requirements of Section 101.

I would say that this is one of the ways in which case law gets unnecessarily and confusingly self-referential and loses its visible connection to the underlying enactments that it is interpreting, which makes it less accessible and avoidably opaque. But good luck getting people on the Supreme Court that see that as something important to minimize.

You say each has a "well-known and mostly consistent history behind it"

None of these have a consistent history, being subject to the whims of changing panels and ideological en-banc fights every couple years when a new judge gets appointed.

You act as if they are well thought out, well applied doctrines, when they are completely hit-or-miss bullshit that has caused the MPEP to explode due to the inconsistencies.

"I'm guessing this is going to make the PTO's and Federal Circuit's job even harder and more inconsistent."

The federal circuit needs no help becoming more inconsistent, they do a great job on their own.

No, just armchair-lawyering :-) My experience in this field, while more extensive than most non-attorneys, has been as a hobbyist. What I lack in hands-on experience, however, I try to make up by reading empirical studies.

I would agree that the standards of 101, 102, etc. have not been evenly applied, to say the least. In fact, that's why the Federal Circuit was formed. There are studies evaluating to what extent they have been successful in harmonizing patent law. To your point, there is even a study on how consistent (or not) the CAFC is. (Will try to dig them up when I get a chance.)

However, what I'm trying to say is, regardless of how the statutes have been implemented, the theory is sound and rational: a patent has multiple, largely orthogonal, dimensions and it should be judged along those lines. To my engineering mind, anything that conflates those dimensions is an inelegant and problematic ruling.

Yeah, the problem with that idea is that rulings aren't intended to implement abstract theories independent of the controlling enactments (the statutes and the Constitution). The theory that patents have "multiple, largely orthogonal dimensions", at least as you seem to identify those dimensions -- and particularly the idea that newness is a consideration only for Section 102 patentability, and not Section 101 patent eligibility -- is inconsistent with the actual text of Section 101, which explicitly requires for eligibility that the thing sought to be protected is (a) an invention that is (b) new and (c) useful.

Your aesthetic preference for orthogonal considerations where newness would be a considered only for Section 102 patentability is, of course, a legitimate aesthetic preference -- but its not what the statute says, and I think it would a more "problematic ruling" for the court to ignore the statute simply out of aesthetic preference for orthogonal categories with a certain configuration.

1. "Promoting the Progress: Three Decades of Patent Jurisprudence in the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit", Damon C. Andrews" - http://law.missouri.edu/lawreview/files/2012/11/Andrews.pdf

2. "On the Causes of Unpredictability of Federal Circuit Decisions In Patent Cases", Paul M. Janicke - http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=960636

3. "How Federal Circuit Judges Vote in Patent Validity Cases", Mark Lemley and John R. Allison - http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=189512