This is a very tricky issue. Tr8n somewhat solves it by allowing developers to specify translation key constraints for critical sections right in the code. The constraints make the translation key unique, give an indication to translators what they need to do and enforces the translators submissions. For example:

<%= tr("App", :max_length => 6) %>

If translators try to submit something longer than 6 chars, they will get a warning to adjust to the constraints.

In Russian "App" is "Приложение". So they would have to provide something shorter or an abbreviation.