Because of transplant waiting lists. You don't get higher on them just because you're rich, thankfully.
"According to data provided by UNOS, in 2006, the median number of days from joining the liver waiting list to transplant was 306 nationally. In Tennessee, it was 48 days."
48 is significantly lower than 180. http://daringfireball.net/2009/06/wsj_steve_jobs_liver_trans...
You may not get moved up the list by being rich, but it does help your increase your odds. With access to the best doctors to help make a good diagnosis quickly, knowledge of the transplant list criteria and the latest medical advances, and the ability to refer you to the best of the best surgeons and specialists, I'm sure he has a leg up over people like me with a crappy PPO insurance policy, let alone someone on Medicare.
What is the wait time for a liver transplant? I googled and it says it varies a lot by chance and also how sick the patient is. Would Steve have gotten a liver transplant quickly due to the severity of his illness, or are lots of people worse?
1) http://www.macworld.com/article/141336/jobs_transplant_confi...