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A comment on Recharging the Python standard library. Parent comment
optparse is deprecated (kept around for obvious backward-compat reasons)
getopt is just a different API for people who feel more comfortable with C's getopt API and don't want to learn something else
argparse is the CLI option parser for the future.
tl;dr: There is one way to parse command line arguments: sys.argv. But there are a few abstractions of doing that available in the stdlib.
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optparse is deprecated (kept around for obvious backward-compat reasons)
getopt is just a different API for people who feel more comfortable with C's getopt API and don't want to learn something else
argparse is the CLI option parser for the future.
tl;dr: There is one way to parse command line arguments: sys.argv. But there are a few abstractions of doing that available in the stdlib.