From a footnote (#5) on "Brief History of the Internet":

  "It was from the RAND study that the false rumor started   
  claiming that the ARPANET was somehow related to building 
  a network resistant to nuclear war. This was never true of the 
  ARPANET, only the unrelated RAND study on secure voice considered
  nuclear war. However, the later work on Internetting did emphasize 
  robustness and survivability, including the capability to 
  withstand losses of large portions of the underlying networks."

http://www.internetsociety.org/internet/what-internet/histor...