This is an interesting distinction and depends on the exact definition of "work". However work is clearly not the same thing as learning.
sharpening axe != chopping wood
The problem is that "sharpening axe" is not so clearly defined. Many people spend time sitting around comparing axes with the rationalization that they're learning more about axes and the art of sharpening axes and 8 easy steps to improve your swing...
that includes me, I guess. Gotta go.
However, in this article the author seemingly seems to want to say "Shipping Code", which is clearly just a small subset of work/being productive.
And no, there isn't someone in the sky recording how many minutes you looked away from coding and deciding if you're an acceptable person or not. ;) The "work" vs "not work" is all in your head.
And so,