But what he's proposing isn't a command economy, it's a default economy. The government isn't telling Factory A to make widgets and it's not telling Person B to work as a basketweaver. Instead everyone gets some minimum amount of capital to use every month.
In fact it sounds more market-driven than what we have now with welfare and disability where, again, centrally-managed plans are laid out and imposed on employers and employees saying what requirements you have, what you can and can't use the money on, etc. And don't you dare get a job and start accidentally making too much money!
It might even be beneficial to employers looking for talented employees: If people are safe to shift around looking for jobs they should move away from poor managers and bad companies to good managers at good companies (and if you're a good manager you'd suddenly have a lot more talent to find the gems out of). This is one of the same resaons governments take such an interest in education, is to ensure a competitive workforce in relation to other nations in the global economy.
I'm sure there's more to work out with the proposal but I like the spirit of the idea.
Overall, the need for TARP was driven by the weak long term oversight allowing concentrated influence in overlarge companies. That's often viewed as a failure of government to remain independent from influence, but at the root of the problem I think it was a shift in economic philosophy across business schools and the business community. The long term fix in my view is putting new focus on defining what criteria lead to healthy, competitive markets. Businesses themselves should recognize that poor competitiveness, and short term focus in markets can lead to poor long term performance in the economy for everybody. Different mechanisms to discourage oversized companies should be introduced into legislation, but now I'm rambling....
Remember, command economies work so well when the leadership knows what they're doing that they make up the structure of every successful business in "market capitalist" countries.
Also, the failure to generate new economic activity (or supressing new activity) is a prevalent theme in failed companies. Furthermore, when you look at new innovative products coming out of large companies, you'll often spot a phase goes something like: "A small group of employees broke off and put together <widget> after hours or out of sight of the upper management, etc". The new activity or market areas often come in spite of the controls in big companies.
Scandinavian countries have put many of these ideas into place and they are hardly doomed. On the contrary they seem to be fairing pretty well.
That said, there is a real problem here with unemployable people and it's only going to get worse. It's no wonder no politicians want to talk about it. It can't be summed up in a ten-second blurb.