I wouldn't go as far as evil but they are bad for code quality because they obscure the behaviour of functions. You never know what exceptions can be thrown. Can a function even fail? Impossible to tell. (Don't say "documentation" lol)

The standard answer is checked exceptions, which I'm on the fence about, but they don't seem to be very popular in any case. Python doesn't have them. C++ removed support for them which shows you how unpopular they were. Java has them and IIRC they were kind of ok to use in Android. Kotlin doesn't have them though so I guess the Java people didn't really like them either.