The evidence I've seen suggests that the most common source of scarcity is restrictions on trade, like taxation.

"What if we had taxed the internet?

"What was once framed as a trivial tax—half a cent to download a photo, or a cent to send 100 emails—would now cost the average American household an estimated $784,000 per year."

Incredible stats from @JaredWalczak"

https://x.com/senatorshoshana/status/2095980044657021352?s=2...