Actually most don't seem so bad. Burning Man sounds like a normal job - other people with kids have jobs, too? Zero-gravity flights only take a couple of minutes, maybe a day if you include the trip to the airport. It is actually possible to take a day off even if you have kids (assuming a supportive spouse, or, if you are alone, a suitable babysitter). Same for wing-suit skydiving, although admittedly it seems possible that you would be less keen to do that if you had kids.

Don't know about Amsterdam: they do have kids in Amsterdam, but perhaps you mean "a year living high on drugs surrounded by prostitutes"? No offense - just wondering why it would be incompatible with kids.

Antarctica: again, why not. Depends on what you want to do there. Also you can do some things when your kids are older.

Even taking a few months off doesn't seem impossible, with a supporting spouse. I think there are lots of parents who go away to remote locations for work (truck drivers and oil rig workers for example).