Part of the effort is translating vocab, but the trickier part is changing paradigms to express an idea. Code has functions and for loops and control statements. English takes lots of connecting words and loops are trickier to explain. English to Spanish requires switching word order but even tricker is changing to different idioms for common ideas.
EEG-based techniques are better for responses to sudden events.
It would be interesting to analyse the brain activity while devising algorithms to solve problems, for example.
The algorithm design doesn't have to be explicit. Just ask people to solve a problem with different solutions, some of which are algorithmically more elegant than others.
You could also ask programmers to write programs in the MRI, and check what brain regions are activated.
I wouldn't be surprised if functional and imperative programming activated different brain areas.
Can someone with a neuro background comment on this?
[Edit: formatting]