If you can't meet these people, build some open source thing they want (when I did this five years ago it was imagemagick integration for RoR). They'll contact you and pay you to customize it.
I have friends who've used https://grouptalent.com/main/talent/. They had a pretty good experience.
Good luck!
Being in a position that hires said contractors, I have to say this is false. Rates are competitive; we're not the one's setting them, the market is. Recruiter's commission may play a factor where it's involved, but it certainly doesn't halve the rate.
I'd also say "good luck" to acquiring contracts in your area of expertise directly from the companies that are buying them. They're looking for complete packages and the effort involved in acquiring and maintaing those relationships is quite often beyond the abilities of a single person.
It sounds like you already have your mind made up and you've committed yourself to making the leap. Lots of people aren't there yet.
As for freelancing - your best bet is hitting the pavement and meeting people. People tend to kick jobs to friends or people they personally have connected with.
First step might be to, instead of waiting for work to bang on the door, open the door and go out and get it :)
"Find a good partner!".
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Does there exist freelance agents? Like somebody that helps you track down freelance contracts?
(I may be mincing words here)
If there isn't, will some of you bizdev people pretty please make something like this? I'm a hacker, I've been coding for a long time, and I fit exactly the descriptions that this person laid out in part 1, but I would have absolutely no idea how to find work even if it came banging down my door.