Edit: Thanks to those who pointed out that I'd forgotten the Chromebooks and Google TV. Given the limited extent to which Google have marketed these devices, I'm not sure whether they can be said to have failed yet. And even if they have failed, it is not clear that this was due to using Intel components.
This is also a very bad strategic mistake because if Intel succeeds in mobile, and becomes popular, who do you think it will help most? Google? No way. That situation would help Microsoft, because they can start using the x86 chips that got popular on Android to promote their x86 tablets and hybrids, where Microsoft has a real strength because of legacy apps.
So Google is now pushing Intel chips into the market, and gaining who knows what, because I don't see any benefit for them, but definitely helping Microsoft in the long term. If Intel survives, Microsoft survives. You'd think Google would realize that and doesn't want that.
Google has absolutely no need for Intel in the future, even for their data centers. Microsoft's future pretty much depends on Intel and x86 chips. I don't understand why Google isn't taking full advantage of this weakness of their competitor, and instead it's trying to put Intel back in the game.
With that said, Intel has been way too slow in its race against ARM, but saying that this has impacted Google I don't find credible.
So, Intel is/was a part of the problem at least for Chromebooks. (I don't know anything about Google TV)