Erlang does have binary patterns on the both of those. Of course you could put something together (I'd especially be curious to see what you could come up with in Prolog) but the go-to solutions in Haskell are binary and cereal, which lack the terse clarity. Beyond that I'd say they're pretty par, maybe a slight advantage to Haskell for the under-utilized view patterns extension.

I liked Erlang's binary patterns so much I copied them for OCaml:

https://code.google.com/p/bitstring/