copy/pasting, or using some other mechanism to do digital duplication is irrelevant - the removal of the existing license and essentially _re-license_ without authority is the problem, no matter what the mechanism of including the code is.

Only if the code you copy pasted the LGPL part into is licenced under a compatible license, and Apache is not.

The simplest way to comply while keeping your incompatible license is to isolate the LGPL part into a dynamic library, there are other ways, but it is by far the most common.

this is accurate and how i should have phrased it. i should not have mentioned dynamic linking; you're right it's not relevant

thank you!