macOS doesn't have (many) consistency issues in the OS itself or first-party apps. But when it comes to the third-party apps people use? Totally inconsistent. Most of them are either webapps accessed through the browser (Google Docs), webapps accessed through Electron shells (Discord, Slack, Zoom, 1Password), or non-webapps that nevertheless have their own bespoke UI (Adobe, Microsoft Office, browsers themselves other than Safari). I'm not a fan of the situation, but that's the way it is.
I do fully admit these consistency issues were less bad in the past.
It is. Windows has always had consistency issues; macOS hasn't.