Well it would still be the government that gives you a "voter id". That part wouldn't change. It would still be a manual verification of your IDs and what not. But once you have a "voter ID" you actually vote online.

I believe you can do this with crypto. It's still anonymous. The government verify you, then give you a signed key that you use to generate your voter ID locally yourself. The network accepts your voter ID because it's signed. I think there's even ways to allow single use signatures and so on.

Now everyone gets one and only one voter ID (which is like their wallet) but for voting.

You can decide how many years that's valid for.