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A comment on Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships Explained (2024). Parent comment

Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by dsr_ on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @05:39AM (#45501133)
Then you could provide sources, please?
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Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by InsideOutSanta on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @05:58AM (#45501233)
Here you go: https://www.reddit.com/r/ProtonVPN/comments/8ww4h2/protonvpn...

Here's the Handelsregisterauszug for Proton, which shows ownership: https://www.zefix.admin.ch/en/search/entity/list/firm/118926...

Proton's peering relationships: https://bgp.tools/as/62371#asinfo

I'm not sure what exactly you're looking for.

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Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by steve1977 on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @07:48AM (#45501981)
> Here's the Handelsregisterauszug for Proton, which shows ownership

It doesn‘t. It’s a joint-stock corporation and while the shareholders are registered, the register is not public.

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Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by InsideOutSanta on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @08:10AM (#45502150)
Proton discloses shareholder information here: https://proton.me/support/who-owns-protonmail

But I guess they could be lying.

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Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by ddtaylor on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @10:20AM (#45503392)
Them providing information isn't the same as publicly verifiable information.
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