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Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by walterbell on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @12:25AM (#45499374)
SSL certificates have a centralized hierarchy. Many browsers trust a long list of root certificate authorities from multiple countries.

https://cyberscoop.com/russia-tls-security-certificate-autho...

https://jpgamboa.com/china-ssl-authority-revoked-by-browsers...

Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by sciencejerk on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @12:54AM (#45499496)
Do some countries force the browser companies to add their root cert, despite abuse?
Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by botanical76 on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @01:29AM (#45499654)
I imagine so. I understand that Opera GX, for example, provides a specialized version to Russian IPs that locks down the search engines that can be used.
Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by lmm on Tuesday October 07, 2025 @04:40AM (#45500772)
There are always rumours. And some countries simply openly require computers sold in their country to have their root cert.
Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by TZubiri on Thursday October 09, 2025 @12:52PM (#45530194)
Including the US right? And I don't mean in a conspiratorial sense. Just in the sense that they wouldn't deny it because it's their home country (Say Windows certs or Google certs), and at the very least they can issue warrants, gag orders, or triple letter agency bypasses.

Now it only sounds weird when a country exherts their national sovereignity because the US doesn't need to perform any additional steps to install any of their Certs, they have hundreds of them by design.

Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by lmm on Thursday October 09, 2025 @08:00PM (#45534255)
> Including the US right? And I don't mean in a conspiratorial sense. Just in the sense that they wouldn't deny it because it's their home country (Say Windows certs or Google certs), and at the very least they can issue warrants, gag orders, or triple letter agency bypasses.

Yeah. I don't think the US explicitly requires it but they don't have to, there are more than enough US-based entities with root certificates who they could send a National Security Letter to if they ever wanted one. (Also the US FKPI root certificate is at least shipped by some vendors, although it seems to be disabled by default)

Re:Who Owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN Relationships ... by coderatlarge on Thursday October 16, 2025 @12:24AM (#45601446)
is there oss that will scour and identify iffy certs on a box?