Where I see deficiencies is not so much in the calculations. When a problem class has a solution algorithm and 10,000 worked examples online, I'm not too surprised that the LLM generalizes pretty reliably to that problem class.
The problem I find is more when it's tricky, out-of-distribution, not entirely on the "happy path" of what the 10,000 examples are about. In that case, LLM responses quickly become irrelevant, illogical, and Pavlovian. It's the math version of messing up the surgeon riddle when presented with a minor variation that is logically very easy, but isn't the popular version everyone talks about [1].
[1] https://www.thealgorithmicbridge.com/p/openai-researchers-ha...
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https://twitter.com/OfficialLoganK/status/195126226151265943...
I can't think of a single instance where O4 or GPT5 got one of these problems wrong. It sees maybe 6-12 of them per day from me. I've been doing this since February.