- The "Turkey taught Putin" narrative is kind of BS. The leader of Turkey imprisoned the pilot who shot down the Russian jet, essentially saying he acted on his own. Afterwards, Turkey bought Russian military equipment. This reaction is the opposite of sovereignty.
- Speculation: Russia is looking to provoke Europe into responding. The thinking is to get Europe to focus on their own air defense, over assisting Ukraine. This is why the general, and correct, response in Europe is to keep calm and keep sending air defense equipment to Ukraine instead of freaking out. There of course are some lines where it is not possible to shrug it off, like recently in Poland, where the situation was so unsafe that we had to react with weapons. The most important element of Europe's security is that the Ukraine war does not end in a victory for Russia.
Edit: Formatting
The pilots were arrested almost a year later, a few days after a coup attempt they were allegedly involved in.
Before that they were treated like heroes in Turkey.
That would be nice for Europe, but Putin openly stated that the goal is not to conquer whole Ukraine alone, but to restore the borders of the USSR in all its glory.
Europe should do the same instead of pretending Putin will understand any weaker response.
TL;DR: shoot them down on sight.