And it's worth reiterating that a bubble does not mean the technology is worthless. The dot com bubble collapsed despite the internet being a revolutionary technology that has shaped every decade since. Similarly LLMs are a great and revolutionary technology, but expectations, perception and valuations have grown much faster than what the technology can justify

These hype cycles aren't even bad per se. There is lots of capital to test out lots of useful ideas. But only a fraction of those will turn out to be both useful and currently viable, and the readjustment will be painful

Plus unused dark fiber = unused AI data centers and power generation capacity.