Used to be that CAM was entirely separated software, operated by a separate person who usually spoke fluent g-code.(No seriously, old mills had pushbuttons where you could punch in your G72 with coordinates, and the grey beards would do that with no hesitation.)
CAM software simulates the machining process, not dynamically but with constraints and filters that use the results from dynamic measurements. Printer software is actually quite sophisticated there, Klipper knows about machine dynamics as well as how to compensate for acceleration in the molten plastic.
My issue is that all CAM integration only happens after the design stage. I draw up whatever, then check for manufacturability, and then realize that it's failed again. Electronics CAD software for a while now has had real-time design rule checks that don't let me draw an impossible line in the first place, and I kinda want that.
Thinking about the problem, it seems like it would be extremely difficult to come up with a set of design rules that cover everything somebody might want to print.
But would it be possible to literally simulate the printing process? Maybe using some kind of CFD code? I mean, for arbitrary designs this could get really complex. But, there’s a hard limit—the thing actually has to get printed, which is a slow mechanical layer-by-layer process, and the end result has to fit in the print chamber, haha.