Timber, rope, time, and effort.

That's it. That's all there is to it.

Nothing more.

It isn't complicated, it's leverage, ramps, muscles, and patience.

It is likely that the entire construction program was planned around the 10-20 years it took to move the 80-ton weight-relieving stones much like how today I plan engineering and manufacturing efforts around the components with the longest lead times.

There were very few 80t blocks and those only had to go halfway up. Most were 2.5t.

Sacsayhuamán in Peru has 100t+ stones that were quarried 35km from the fortress location and transported up a steep incline. It took 6,000 men to move the stones.