The point is that smelting the aluminium takes tons of electricity, so doing it in Iceland where that's produced via geothermal is effectively exporting that electricity.

And it’s a relatively light material. So if you’ve got some place where the carbon footprint of collecting and transporting bauxite is relatively low, you can use excess power to smelt more aluminum.

The problem with opportunistic loads like wind and solar is whether you can afford to strand expensive factories full of equipment for hours or days at a time while the power availability is compromised. At least with geo this is a smaller problem.

It's actually the reducing of the alumina (aluminum oxide) to metallic aluminum that takes huge amounts of electricity. And as mentioned, that is done with carbon electrodes which are consumed in the process, leading to relatively high CO2 emissions. Though yes, if that electricity would be produced by burning fossil fuels the emissions would be even higher. So it's not like there aren't big benefits to doing aluminum refining in Iceland, or other places with low-emission electricity.

There is some R&D work going on though to do this reduction step without CO2 emissions using other electrode materials, see e.g ELYSIS.

> "It's actually the reducing of the alumina (aluminum oxide) to metallic aluminum that takes huge amounts of electricity."

AKA: "Smelting"

Good point about releasing co2 from the reservoir, thanks for the correction.

I did not maintain that the aluminum was carbon free.

Depends on the source of that carbon