(Twitter is a failure too, now)
I'm seeing a lot of email surviving right now. Especially plain text emails. Refuses to die, one of the most neutral protocols after IP and DNS
>like a library with steep rules
is entirely correct. That doesn't make it bad, not at all! You're right: There are very few equivalents of a public square, digitally. I consider HN to be one, even more so than email. Email chains get awkward with multiple people, and email addresses are (of necessity, due to spam, like others already said) non-public.
The thing with social media of that type is that it is often filled with foss devs who are a very narrow point demographics.
The chans and reddit have some public properties. I hear the bluesky and mastodon things (the latter especially) have very public infrastructures, not sure about the people, it feels like it will be left leaning democrats on the first hand and FOSS devs on the latter.
Maybe email, it's not easy to connect with people. But it's not easy to strike up random conversation in a plaza either. Email + html web, which is privates making data public, but close enough