Somebody who worked through the two volumes of "Proof Theory and Logical Complexity", and worked through the later chapters of "The Blind Spot" will already be used to the style, so won't find it an obstacle when reading the Transcendental Syntax papers. And those who didn't read these works? Well, they don't know the prerequisites anyway (the author assumes), so making the style more palatable to them is not a priority.
The aforementioned works are better starting points: they cover classical proof theory, so there are many other textbooks that can be consulted while the reader develops familiarity with Girard's style. And one needs to know the material to understand Transcendental Syntax anyway.
It always bothers me when that is apparently not the case.
His main contribution, through linear logic, are ways to separate 'elementary' operations of logic into simpler ones. Linear logic decomposes the classical "and" and "or" into multiplicative and additive ones, and some modalities. This gives a more precise encoding of operations that can directly link logic to complexity theory, and have interesting applications to compiler design.
Note that academia has been very receptive of his technical achievement, the proof of consistency of System F through reducibility candidates, but much less welcoming of some of his other papers that he deemed way more interesting (as we saw recently with Terence Tao "I got a paper rejected today"). I think him writing this way is a reaction to that; rather than try to court people who might reject his ideas, he already filters people who are looking for the good stuff in them.
> We study logic in the light of the Kantian distinction between analytic (untyped, meaningless, locative) answers and synthetic (typed, meaningful, spiritual) questions. Which is specially relevant to proof-theory: in a proof-net, the upper part is locative, whereas the lower part is spititual: a posteriori (explicit) as far as correctness is concerned, a priori (implicit) for questions dealing with consequence, typically cut-elimination. The divides locative/spiritual and explicit/implicit give rise to four blocks which are enough to explain the whole logical activity.
Honestly, this and the rest of the paper read like a caricature of (a particularly grumpy) continental philosopher. I suspect many mathematicians don't engage with this because they are drawn to precision. From what I read (and from your comment), I have no idea what this program really is about. Maybe there's something of value in there but it seems really hard to tell.