Yes and no. At certain concentrations, many safe compounds become dangerous in humans.

Even at tiny doses, foods like peanuts may be safe for the vast majority yet lethal for a minority.

Given how devilishly heterogeneous the human race is, the ideal solution provides safety testing at the individual level, not the population level [0]. But this is years away until computational and biological breakthroughs arrive.

[0] Population level is a misnomer. FDA trial sizes below.

Phase 1: 20 to 100 people

Phase 2: up to several hundred people

Phase 3: 300 to 3,000 people

https://www.fda.gov/patients/drug-development-process/step-3...