BFU (Before First Unlock, as described in the article) on an Android is pretty similar to an iPhone (data still locked down, notifs don't come in, apps not running). Only after you unlock the first time can apps start running and notifs come in. This is also the state where it's more vulnerable to attackers (cops or criminals).

I have both an iPhone and an Android (currently a Z Fold 5, so a recent model). My Fold 5 does this auto-reboot every week. When it does reboot, my usual background apps come up, and notifs work as usual.

This means that Android (or perhaps more accurately, OneUI — Samsung's custom stuff on top of Android) is not doing a "full" reboot, and thus isn't providing the same security benefits as Apple is by putting the phone in a "BFU" or "cold" state.