Guarding one house in a lawless environment takes less total manpower than guarding a town but not on a per property basis. Enforcing law and order in a country is even more efficient.
Economies of scale are a facet of capitalism.
If you rob me but then give me back twice as much, the only way this action is not unfair to someone else is if it has the effect of undoing a robbery. I e the surplus I received in the end is actually restitution. Furthermore, it was taken back from the correctly identified robbers.
That's how your Bolsheviks and Leninists justified their ideas and actions: monarchs and capitalists are just parasites who have taken from the people, so if you take it away from them, it's just restitution.
Animal flocking behavior exists from what amounts to economies of scale. Each animal can spend less effort watching their surroundings when there exists a large group with similar motivations.
> the only way this action is not unfair to someone else is if it has the effect of undoing a robbery
The benefit of a road network grows with the total size of a road network and can therefore quickly exceed the cost of creating and maintaining it. That’s a surplus which has nothing to do with moving money from individual A to individual B. It’s a surplus derived from scale not the efficiency of construing individual segments of road.
According to the government he did NOT commit theft.
He was instead “convicted in federal court on two counts of securities fraud and one count of conspiracy.”
Someone could take an underperforming investment to Vegas, happen to double the investment and return. However if they are using your money then you are taking more risk in that scenario than you’re expecting. Literally going to Vegas isn’t required, the same risk exists in many short term investments. Thus misrepresenting risk is considered fraud even if it happened to work out.