What are those valid alternatives that work at scale for a majority of the population?
One example that comes to mind is Kahn academy. They've built out new pedagogical methods.
There's also Unacademy a company I'm sure has helped millions of people learn new things.
Khan Academy uses lectures.
Very different types of lectures. Small chunks of info, lots of graphical representations, etc. These are very different that the type of lectures I had in school.
Let's not pretend this has all been figured out and perfected. Heck, most maths professors I encountered in my studies could trace their scientific lineage straight back to C.F.Gauss[1] and that's how they taught. Don't get me wrong, some were great teachers, others not so much, but there are valid alternatives to the classic lecture.
[1] https://www.mathgenealogy.org/index.php