It doesn't appear this is the case though. In fact, some of the people I have met have told me they felt worse after succeeding the first time. To quote one of them, who said he got bored:
"I actually learned this lesson even before I had any disposable income by playing the Sims. I cheated and had loads of cash. Made my house amazing, etc. But everybody was still unhappy and there was nothing left to do in the game."
It's good to see the post below by lionhearted, but I get the feeling that isn't a common occurrence.
Successful startups generally solve the money problem. That's all, nothing else.
Solving the money problem doesn't solve loneliness. It doesn't keep you warm at night or fix problems with a messed up family situation, etc...
But, once you've solved the money problem, you tend to have more time on your hands to focus on other problems.
(And if you've got a messed-up family situation, money can put some serious (geographical) distance between you. :)
Then you get in there and realize it's full of regular people who are petty, short-sighted, don't work very hard, make mistakes, have personal issues, got where they were with lots of luck, and so on. Just like you. And it doesn't really change your life that much. From the inside, it's not nearly so amazing as it seemed to the outsider you were.
But while disillusioned you is no longer an outsider, there are tons of other outsiders remaining, gazing at you the way you once gazed at your now-equals -- and because you now know that this jealousy/esteem/worship/whatever is unfounded, you feel unworthy of these emotions directed at you and seek to justify or earn them.
It's kinda like finding out that the hero you idolize is in fact an alcoholic and kicks his cat, only that hero is you.
Taken to extremes, this totally normal phenomenon becomes a psychological condition called "imposter syndrome."
You find the same thing if you talk to successful people in any field, once they get to talking shop. E.g. a successful playwright will be very curious about what drove his first big success. Not (necessarily) because he feels unworthy, but because he wants to write more successful plays.
The curiosity of the successful about success at whatever they've been working on is practically universal. It's partly cause and partly effect.