Officially there is just gdscript, c#, and c/c++.

There's a lot of unofficial bindings with godot's GDExtension interface. Looks like there are supposedly "production ready" bindings for JavaScript/typescript, lua, nim, and rust. I've been looking into using rust with godot though, and it looks like it only works with desktop apps, not web or mobile yet.

And then there's even more that are supposedly "almost production ready": closure, D, and haskell

In development but not production ready: f#, go, kotlin, python, Swift, wasm, zig

Here is a list [0] of them but should give you a good idea even if it's old. It claims that Javascript is production ready but I can't find much info on Java. So Java probably has 0 support.

I know a lot of people say GDScript is close to both Javascript and Python but it's not close enough for me personally. So if you want to use Python just use one of the Python game enignes (such as Panda3D, Pygame, Arcade, Ursina) instead. Javascript and Java also has a lot of good engines too so don't feel like you have to use Godot.

[0] https://github.com/Godot-Languages-Support/godot-lang-suppor...

Godot bindings for Swift https://github.com/migueldeicaza/SwiftGodot