> You can look at the mass adoption of encrypted messaging and HTTPS adoption statistics (which grew exponentially directly after the leaks to become near standard), and plenty of other metrics to see that.

I don't think increased TLS adoption was caused by Snowden or Wikileaks. It was because of the HTTP/2 protocol and Lets Encrypt taking off.

You can read about that history here: https://opensource.com/business/16/8/lets-encrypt

According to Aas, they decided to start LetsEncrypt in 2012. Before Snowden leaked anything.

Similarly, one could argue that encrypted messaging became popular because of the work done on projects like

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NaCl_(software)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whisper_Systems https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WhatsApp (which added "encryption" in August 2012).