For Python projects, I like to use Taskipy as the UX entry point. If any task itself is more than a one liner but doesn't need Python, I'll have it invoke a shell script from a mk folder. If any task itself requires an activated venv, I'll define it in a noxfile.

What it might look like in a pyproject.toml:

  [tool.taskipy.tasks]
  fmt = "nox -s fmt"
  lock = "nox -s lock"
  install = "if [ $VIRTUAL_ENV ]; then pip install -r local-requirements.txt; else printf '%s\n' 'Please activate a venv first'; return 1; fi"
  test = "nox -s test test_without_toml typecheck -p 3.12"
  docs = "nox -s render_readme render_api_docs"

For file generation tasks (the kind of stuff make is good at), I've been using Tup more and more. But recent versions aren't always packaged for distros, so I'm hoping it gets an asdf/mise plugin.