In the US, I believe this particular problem is mostly avoided by secured property taxes. If there’s a property with an impenetrable ownership scheme, someone needs to pay the property taxes. And if no one pays, then the government (usually the county) can auction off the lot to recover the taxes. At this point, any residual value from the sale and/or tax debt is subject to plenty of arguments between the county and the previous owners (and some of this even went to the Supreme Court recently IIRC), but the property is now owned by whomever bought it at auction, and no consent by the previous owners is required.

(I don’t know how other encumbrances, e.g. contractor’s liens, are handled.)