There are promising methods developing for Physic's informed neural networks. Mathematical models can be integrated into the architecture of neural networks such that the parameters of the designed mathematical models can be learned. Examples include learning the frequency of a swinging pendulum from video, amongst more advanced ideas.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics-informed_neural_networ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JoFW2uSd3Uo