Flash flooding is getting worse in the UK, partly because of climate change (look at how wet February was for south east UK) but also because a lot of urban areas are being paved over.
but to a throw away comment:
> installing heat pumps can be difficult
Yes, yes they can be, but also they also are not the cheapest way to save carbon.
Insulation makes a much bigger impact, that includes external wall insulation, and better glazing. its up to 2x cheaper.
Nonetheless, very few places are affected with a decade. The vast majority of people live in places that will not be badly enough to need rebuilding any time soon.
I am hoping that this is a UK problem and the rest of the world is mostly not as crazy. Not that I have high hopes of that.
> Yes, yes they can be, but also they also are not the cheapest way to save carbon.
Cost effective solutions are not profitable, so are not backed by lobbying and marketing.
> Sufficient impact to require rebuilding houses or other buildings on a single decade scale?
I cannot see that sort of rapid rebuilding anywhere I know. I live in a house that is about 60 years old. I have friends who live in houses centuries old. Not come across anyone who needs to change very much to cope with climate change, apart from things to reduce emissions (mostly installing heat pumps can be difficult)
The built environment also needs to handle a lot of variation anyway.
I can certainly see a drastic impact in some places: low lying land (I would be very worried if I was Dutch or Maldivian. I might be quite worried if I was living in Norfolk) , but its not everywhere.