You can, today, buy ARM chips with support for executing simple Java Bytecode directly. The Jazelle[0] earchitecture is a primary intended to accelerate JVMs[1] and is still found on some devices. There also were some other initiatives around embedded devices on the past to get Java running on smart cards and more.

[0]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazelle in [1]: https://developer.arm.com/documentation/ddi0406/c/Applicatio...