I've created Codebraid (https://codebraid.org/) for writing in Markdown. It makes inline code and code blocks executable, and includes support for Jupyter kernels. It uses Pandoc internally to parse the Markdown. There's also a VS Code extension that provides a live preview with scroll sync.

For the LaTeX case, I created PythonTeX (https://github.com/gpoore/pythontex) years ago, but haven't done much with it recently.