In NL (IIRC, it's been twenty years since I've had to learn the laws of the road): crossing pedestrians on city streets have priority over cars, except within 30 meters of a crosswalk. The rationale being, if a crosswalk is that close a pedestrian can reasonably be expected to detour and take the official path. However, elderly people/people with disabilities have priority everywhere.

In the case you're describing, a car turning off a main road encountering crossing pedestrians, isn't considered a special case in NL: straight traffic always has priority over turning traffic, and if a car encounters pedestrians while turning that implies the pedestrians were going straight ahead so they already had priority by default.