We have run benchmarks on our environment (CNPG, Openshift and CEPH in Dutch gov) and compared to Azure Postgres and (CNPG on) Azure AKS. Pgbench and pg_tps_optimizer. CEPH indeed is a 'high bandwidth / high latency' storage solution, and as such we could get to comparable TPS but required more clients. With 2 vCPU the max TPS was about 17k/18k with AKS and also with OpenShift. But with AKS we required 34 parallel clients and with OpenShift/CEPH we required 233 clients. More clients <=> more in parallel <=> more TPS on CEPH... If you are interested I can share some graphs.