I don't think this is possible, at least not directly. My understanding is that there's a special optimized path for CameraConstrainedHighSpeedCaptureSession recording to MediaCodec surfaces backed by a hardware encoder. If you capture to a different type of surface, the frame rate will likely drop to 60 or lower (assuming it's even allowed--I have not tested).

I'm not too familiar with image analysis, but if it's acceptable to work on lossy frames and to take a small hit to latency, you could record to a MediaCodec hardware encoder and then immediately send the output to another MediaCodec instance to decode it.